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II Corinthians 3

1 Do we again begin to be commending ourselves? Or do we need, as some, letters of commendation to you or from you? 2 You are our letter, written in our hearts, being known and being read by all men, 3 [you] manifesting that you are [a] letter of Christ served by us, written not with ink, but with the spirit of the zoe-living1 God, not in tablets [of] stone, but in tablets [of] fleshy hearts. 4 So we have such confidence through Christ towards God. 5 Not that from ourselves we are adequate to be reckoned anything as from ourselves, but our adequacy [is] from God 6 who also made us adequate servants of the new contract2, not of letter but of spirit, for the letter kills, but the spirit makes-zoe-alive. 7 Now if the service of death, written [and] carved in stones, came [about] in glory, so that the sons [of] Israel were not able to look intently into the face of Moses because of the glory of his face, the [glory] being nullified, 8 how will the service of the spirit not be rather in glory? 9 For if the service of judgment [is] glory, much more does the service of justice abound in glory. 10 For even the [thing] glorified was not glorified in this respect, on account of the glory [which] surpasses [it]. 11 For if the [thing] nullified [was] through glory, rather much more [is] the [thing] abiding through glory. 12 Having therefore such hope, let us be using much boldness, 13 and not as Moses [who] put [a] veil upon his face so that the sons [of] Israel could not look intently upon the end3 of [that] being nullified. 14 But their minds were hardened, for until this day the same veil remains upon the reading of the old contract4, [it] not being unveiled that in Christ it is nullified. 15 But until today, whenever Moses is read, [a] veil lays upon their hearts. 16 But whenever it turns to the Lord, the veil will be removed. 17 Now the Lord is the spirit, and where [is] the spirit of the Lord, [there is] freedom. 18 But we all, with unveiled face, contemplating as in a mirror the glory of the Lord, are being transformed into the same image from glory into glory, as from the Lord of the spirit.


1from ZOE "ZOH-ay" (ζωη)—Life 'collectively', interdependent, interconnected. Although it means 'life' in the conventional sense (for example: Matt.9:18, Matt.27:63, Luke.2:36, Acts.25:24, Rom.7:2, 2Cor.1:8, 1Thes.4:17, 1Tim.5:10, Rev.19:20), Jesus uses ZOE exclusively of 'life eternal' (with the possible exceptions of Luke.15:13, Luke.16:25). The other N.T. writers use ZOE in both senses—temporal and eternal, generally clear from the context. The Father is the 'zoe-living God' (see Matt.16:16). The Septuagint (LXX) in Gen.2:7 has "...[God] breathed into his nostrils the breath of zoe-life, and the man became a zoe-living psyche-life" (and see 1Cor.15:45); and Gen.3:20 (LXX) "And Adam called his wife's name ZOE, because she was the mother of all zoe-living." Contrast PSYCHE (ψυχη): an individual manifestation of life/consciousness. See John.12:25 where both ZOE and PSYCHE occur. Greek also has the word BIOS (βιoς ) for 'life' in the sense of biological processes.

2or "covenant", "testament"

3or "completion"

4or "covenant", "testament"